Environmental degradation in rural areas environment. Importance and conservation of tropical forests causes of deforestation in southeast asia rate of deforestation drivers of deforestation case study of deforestation in sea research by searrin. I hereby declare that the dissertation, soil erosion, deforestation and rural livelihoods in the central rift valley area of ethiopia. There are several effects of deforestation on earths climate and nature. Concluding remarks there is a clear linkages between deforestation and worlds demands of fiber, food, and fuel understanding the underlying or indirect causes of deforestation is crucial to address redd and climate change most deforestation is driven. In this model, we used the deforestation data for the 19872017 period obtained from a previous study as dependent variables and the potential causes of deforestation generated from geographic. Deforestation and forest degradation in the congo basin. The impact on world oil demand if firewood and dung were replaced by oil products would be small. Deforestation defined broadly can include not only conversion to nonforest, but also degradation that reduces forest quality the density and structure of the trees, the ecological. Pdf effects of deforestation on land degradation researchgate.
Causes, effects, and implications pdf examining the proximate and underlying causes of tropical deforestation. Human activities, climate change coupled with rural poverty have led to increased deforestation in the rural areas of nigeria. The urbanization and deforestation class discussion focused on four major causes of deforestation. Mar 04, 2018 the urbanization and deforestation class discussion focused on four major causes of deforestation. Deforestation is primarily a concern for the developing countries of the tropics. Roads, deforestation, and the mitigating effect of protected. Impact of deforestation on sustainable livelihoods in low. Deforestation implies the longterm 10 years or permanent loss of forest cover. Deforestation is the intentional clearance of forests by logging andor burning popularly known as slash and burn. The cattle industry has ballooned since the 1970s, giving brazil the largest commercial cattle herd in the world. Get free research paper on consequences of deforestation on ru ral household income our project topics and materials are suitable for students in nigeria with case studies. These are just a few of the causes and effects of deforestation. The expansion of the agricultural frontier by small farmers is the greatest cause of deforestation in the developing tropics southgate 1990, fao 2005.
Causes and features of watershed degradation related to mhp. The effects of deforestation range from standard environmental like changes in the atmosphere and biodiversity, to economical impacts. Causes of deforestation and its effects on different factors in rural community of district swatpakistan forest play key role in the development of a country. Loggers, miners and rural communities all exploit forests in unsustainable ways in search of profits. However, with more urbanization there is more deforestation. The combined effect of grazing and fires can be a major cause of deforestation in dry areas. In many countries, people clear land to use it for other purposes, such as agriculture, pasture land, and urban development. Pdf effect of deforestation on rural household income in.
Impact of environmental degradation on agricultural. On a local scale, the clearing of forest land can cause a decline in the population of certain species. The first form of agriculture that will be examined is slash and burn agriculture. Gases such as methane and carbon dioxide trap heat in earths atmosphere, leading change in climate. Deforestation causes of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Causes of deforestation and its effects on different. While the secondary data source involved the search into published and unpublished materials relevant to the subject matter. This is due to the fact that, at its base, urban sprawl is driven by overpopulation. Causes, effects and control strategies 5 deforestation are maintained. Causes and effects of desertification on people and the environment sara popescu slavikova soil degradation april 29, 2019 the word desertification may seem like a word depicting a very distant and abstract environmental problem that most of. Causes of deforestation are the forces that motivate the agents to clear the forests. In rural areas these problems reflect changes to economic and environmental. The creation of protected areas protected areas ca and indigenous landsil is one of the effective strategies to contain deforestation, and landscape fragmentation and conserve biodiversity.
This has repercussions for the environmental and livelihood patterns on the people especially. To find out the causes and effects of rural urban migration in the study area. Deforestation in ethiopia is due to locals clearing forests for their personal needs, such as for fuel, hunting, agriculture, and at times for religious reasons. Slash and burn agriculture can be a sound agricultural practice in many instances, and has long been practiced by. This, in turn, leads to greater concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. A lot of problems have been created by the removal of vegetation such. Respondents perception on the causes of deforestation. Deforestation causes and forces the surrounding to adapt in order to survive such difficult situations. This work causes of deforestation of the brazilian amazonappears in this context. Causes and impacts of land degradation and desertification. However their negative effects can be amplified through human action such as pastoral and agricultural land use for example within the watershed.
In addition to their previously mentioned roles, trees also function to retain water and topsoil, which provides the rich nutrients to sustain additional forest life. They provide wood, medicinal plants, grazing field to livestock and protection to the natural habitat while also generate job to rural. Impact of environmental degradation on agricultural production and poverty in rural nigeria chioma v. Historical causes of deforestation while we are just now realizing the harmful effects that deforestation is having, the destruction of the forests has been going on since the dawn of man. Another definition of desertification is the spread of desertlike conditions of low biological productivity due to human impact under climatic variations12,14.
This deforestation was, in large part, a result of the widespread expansion of agriculture. Large scale deforestation in brazil has resulted in a 19% decrease in forest cover in the amazon since 1970. If the current rate of deforestation continues, the worlds rain forests will vanish within 100 yearscausing unknown effects on. While the secondary data source involved the search into published and unpublished materials relevant to.
After reading this article you will learn about the environmental degradation in rural areas. Deforestation definition, causes, effects, and control. The importance, how to, effect causes relationship, comparison, history, role, solutions are discussed. Water scarcity or water crisis or water shortage is the deficiency of adequate water resources that can meet the water demands for a particular region. Deforestation of woodlands in communal areas of zimbabwe. What are causes and effects of environmental degradation. As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases, a layer forms in the atmosphere that traps sun radiation. Agricultural productivity and deforestation in brazil. Deforestation is the longterm loss of forest, with no guarantee that the forest will reestablish through natural regeneration or silvicultural measures.
Deforestation and woodland degradation are issues of great concern in zimbabwe. Deforestation is the process of removing the forest ecosystem by cutting the trees and changing the shape of the land. Essay on the meaning of deforestation essay on the history of deforestation in india essay on the causes for deforestation essay on the effects of deforestation essay. The causes, effects and alternatives to deforestation in the rural. Given the low productivity of the soil in the tropics to which nigeria belongs, the poor state of the farmers and subsistence nature of agriculture in nigeria, green environment may be difficult to sustain. Deforestation affects the people and animals where trees are cut, as well as the wider world. Pakistans forest resources are shrinking at a rate of one percent which will have dreadful effects on the people of pakistan.
Deforestation, clearance, clearcutting or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land which is then converted to a nonforest use. This paper examined how some policies aimed at improving agricultural production may be contributing to deforestation of woodlands in the communal and resettlement areas of zimbabwe. Whenever there is a lack of access to potable and fresh water for drinking and sanitation, the situation means that the water is scarce. Deforestation can result from deliberate removal of forest cover for agriculture or urban development, or it can be an unintentional consequence of uncontrolled grazing which can prevent the natural regeneration of young trees. The use of firewood and deforestation wise international. Cattle ranching is now the biggest cause of deforestation in the amazon, and nearly 80 per cent of deforested areas in brazil are now used for pasture. Pdf this study was carried out to examine deforestation and rural household. Urban sprawl is one of the most difficult deforestation related issues to solve. It is caused directly or indirectly by anthropogenic activities that extract various environmental resources at a faster rate than they are replaced, and thus depleting them.
Indigenous people who consider the forests, as their primary habitats are rendered homeless when forests are depleted. Over 80% of ugandas population is rural and depends on rainfed agriculture, which is vulnerable to impacts of adverse effects of climate change. There is a clear linkages between deforestation and worlds demands of fiber, food, and fuel understanding the underlying or indirect causes of deforestation is crucial to address redd and climate change most deforestation is driven from outside forestry sector e. A case study in the denku microwatershed oromia region, submitted for the masters degree in human ecology to the college of agriculture and environmental sciences. The most concentrated deforestation occurs in tropical rainforests. Atmospheric for global warming deforestation is the major contributor. Fuelwood problems have complex causes and take varied forms. The changes in area of forest by region and subregion are shown in table 1. It may arise either by natural processes or by manmade activities. Causes of deforestation and its effects on different factors in rural. However, due to the isolation of fragments and the increase in forestclearing boundaries, a total of 16. Pakistan is not selfsufficient in wood based products and spends billions of rupees on import of wood and wood based products. Penny encyclopedia of life support systems eolss the situation in africa is particularly acute, but even the densely populated asian and pacific regions contain roughly 1. There is often confusion between the concepts of deforestation and forest degradation.
Protected areas near roads and rivers had much lower deforestation 10. A comparative analysis of ekiti state urban and rural temperature data produces. Deforestation and rural poverty in developing countries. Indeed some 31 countries do not even make the list because they have already removed most of their forests and even if that remain are seriously fragmented and degraded. Deforestation and land degradation on the ethiopian. People poach timber for sale in towns as firewood or to furniture manufacturers in the case of hard woods. Urban areas tend to remain warmer that rural areas because of an effect known as urban heat island. Causes, effects and solutions to water scarcity earth. In this paper i discuss the relationship between deforestation and rural poverty, policies governing. Therefore, this research was intended to focus on causes and effects of rural urban migration in borno state with reference to maiduguri metropolis, with the following objectives. This effect of heating is due to the pavement and buildings that are found in urban areas. Forest dependent commuinities in odeda local council area of ogun state, nigeria. Deforestation is not limited to communal areas in zimbabwe but also extends to commercial farming areas and even government protected woodlands.
Deforestation is one of the main environmental problems in third world countriesaraya et al. Scientists are currently analyzing rates of deforestation for the current decade, as. However, most of the existing literature typically distinguishes between two levels of specific factors. Causes, effects and solutions to water scarcity earth eclipse. The central issue which it attempts to study is the role of cattle ranchingits dynamic and profitabilityin the expansion of deforestation. Other causes of deforestation include the f ollowing a fire. Environmental degradation comes about due to erosion and decline of the quality of the natural environment. Forest loss in panama can therefore be considered significant, and substantial investigation of the causes, effects and alternatives to deforestation is warranted. Debate on these issues has identified a number of causes including expansion of arable land, demand for fuelwood and construction poles, and urban expansion.
The government is required, amongst other tasks, to set out priority areas for the development of carbon storage plantations in different areas of uganda. The basic issues with regard to deforestation stem mainly from the four areas that were found to be the major causes of deforestation in india. Some 250 million people living in forest and savannah areas depend on them for subsistence and income. Deforestation is the permanent destruction of forests in order to utilize the land or trees. In fact, tropical rainforests are believed to be the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. This workcauses of deforestation of the brazilian amazonappears in this context. The role of social work shanta pandey washington university to alleviate rural poverty most developing countries have been launching a wide variety of rural development activities.
In simple words, deforestation refers to the deliberate process of destroying the forests, so that the clear land may be put to other use. Effects of deforestation in rural areas free zimsec. Desertification has been defined as land degradation in arid, semiarid, and dry subhumid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities11. Typically, deforestation is clearing a lot of trees without the intention of establishing future growth. The major causes and effects of deforestation are as follows. The causes of deforestation in costa rica have been quite different. Trees absorb the carbon dioxide and release oxygen and water into the atmosphere and this contributes to global warming. Harvesting, forest fires, and insect infestations do not count as deforestation because the affected areas will eventually grow back. Agroforestry and social forestry practices, plantation forestry, and.
We found that deforestation was much higher near roads and rivers than elsewhere in the amazon. Deforestation is one of the main environmental problems in third world countries araya et al. Poverty causes deforestation because the poor are not able to ascend the hierarchy of domestic fuel use. The most important causes of deforestation is human ignorance and greed. Environmental degradation is a complex process involving transformation, alteration or material loss from any one of the environmental components. Deforestation has so many social effects on our society its impact not only affects us humans but also plants, animals and the surrounding environment. Direct causes people have been deforesting the earth for thousands of years, primarily to clear land for crops or livestock. The main causes of deforestation in ethiopia are shifting agriculture, livestock production and fuel in drier areas. Deforestation presents multiple environmental problems in our society today. Deforestation poses a grave threat to this biodiversity. Ignorant people were not aware of the harmful effects of cutting down the trees. An analysis of a major cause of tropical deforestation in indonesia pdf tropical deforestation. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. Urbanization and deforestation are linked together for a variety of reasons.
Water scarcity thus pertains to a situation where there is water shortage, water crisis, and the lack of. Causes of deforestation of the brazilian amazon isbn. Although tropical forests are largely confined to developing countries, they arent just meeting local or national needs. What is the effect of deforestation on rural areas answers. Effects of deforestation are more pronounced in sensitive ecosystems with a high degree of aridity, sandy soils, steep slopes and poverty stricken communities. Further effects of deforestation include soil erosion and coastal flooding. It is important to note that most causes of degradation are closely interdependent and thus mostly more than one cause lead to the prevailing erosion features. When deforestation occurs, many of the trees are burnt or they are allowed to rot, which results in releasing the carbon that is stored in them as carbon dioxide.